kramann.info
© Guido Kramann

Development of Fault Tolerant Software for Embedded Realtime Systems, winter semester 2025/26

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(PL google-translate)

DEAR STUDENTS DUE TO ACTUAL ISSUES OF GERMAN TRAINS THE LECTURE TODAY (24th of September) STARTS AT 9:30 instead of 8:30. I BEG YOUR PARDON. G. KRAMANN

Tasks for those who arrive early:
Download the course text and read it.
Learn how to log in to the PCs in the lab.
Take a look at processing.org and try out some examples on the PCs running Linux.

Aufgaben für alle, die früher da sind:
Laden Sie sich den Text beim Kurs herunter und lesen ihn.
Lernen Sie, wie Sie sich auf den PCs im Labor einloggen können.
Schauen Sie sich processing.org an und probieren Beispiele auf den PCs unter Linux aus.

student group: 1 ME

Here at "day by day," the content covered is noted chronologically over the course of the semester.
In most cases, links are provided within kramann.info where the respective material is presented.
For your reference, you will also find the "day by day" for the same course from the previous year on kramann.info.
The examination in this subject takes place throughout the semester and consists of a project that is presented at the end of the semester.

Wednesday, September 24, 2025

Topics today

Organizational matters
Why do malfunctions occur in Western technology in the first place -- an anthropological perspective
Introduction to the topic of fault tolerance
Introduction to the terms "fault," "error," and "failure"
Introduction to the term "mitigation"
Examples of "mitigation" in modern technology
Division into groups of two
Scheduling appointments for presentations on fault tolerance patterns
Practical application: Smart Watch
Discussion of possible areas in the Smart Watch where fault tolerance can play a role
Preliminary exercises with Java/Processing
Introduction to the Processing development environment

Organisatorisches
Warum ergeben sich überhaupt Funktionsstörungen bei der abendländischen Technik -- eine anthropologische Betrachtung
Einführung in das Thema Fehlertoleranz
Einführung der Begriffe "fault", "error" und "failure"
Einführung des Begriffs "mitigation"
Beispiele für "mitigation" in der modernen Technik
Gruppenaufteilung in Zweiergruppen
Terminvereinbarungen für die Präsentationen der Fehlertoleranz Muster
Praktische Anwendung: Smart Watch
Diskussion zu möglichen Bereichen bei der Smart Watch, bei denen Fehlertoleranz eine Rolle spielen kann
Vorübungen mit Java/Processing
Einführung in die Entwicklungsumgebung von Processing

1. Organizational matters

The exam takes place throughout the semester and consists of a theoretical presentation, a project assignment, and the presentation of the project assignment at the end of the lecture period.
Students are to work in pairs.
A group list will be circulated for registration.
A fault tolerance pattern will be presented in the theoretical presentation.
In the project work, a smart watch will be programmed and at least two fault tolerance patterns will be applied during implementation.
In the first half of the semester, introductory projects will be carried out together with the smart watch and the basics will be worked out.
From the second half of the semester onwards, work on the projects will mainly take place independently in the groups.
Work on the projects will take place during regular class time.
The final project presentation must represent what has been developed during the semester as seen by the lecturer.
The project part of the exam counts for 80 percent, and the theoretical presentation of a pattern counts for 20 percent of the overall grade.

Die Prüfung ist semesterbegleitend und besteht aus einer theoretischen Präsentation, einer Projektarbeit und der Präsentation der Projektarbeit am Ende der Vorlesungszeit.
Es soll dazu in Zweiergruppen gearbeitet werden.
Eine Gruppenliste zum Eintragen wird herumgegeben.
In der theoretischen Präsentation wird ein Fehlertoleranz Muster vorgestellt.
In der Projektarbeit wird eine Smart Watch programmiert und mindestens zwei Fehlertoleranz Muster bei der Umsetzung angewendet.
In der ersten Semesterhälfte werden gemeinsam Einführungsprojekte mit der Smart Watch durchgeführt und die Grundlagen erarbeitet.
Ab der zweiten Semesterhälfte finden hauptsächlich die Arbeiten an den Projekten selbstständig in den Gruppen statt.
Die Arbeit an den Projekten erfolgt innerhalb der regulären Unterrichtszeit.
Die abschließende Projektpräsentation muss das repräsentieren, was für den Dozenten sichtbar während des Semesters erarbeitet wurde.
Der Projektteil der Prüfung zählt 80 Prozent, die theoretische Präsentation eines Pattern zählt 20 Prozent der Gesamtnote.

2. Why do malfunctions occur in Western technology in the first place -- an anthropological perspective

I would like to help you understand what makes Western technology so special. I would like to work with you to identify the strengths and, if they exist, the fundamental weaknesses of Western technology. One way to do this is through comparison. Technical anthropology is a science that compares technologies from different cultures.

Heßler, M., Liggieri, K.: Technikanthropologie: Handbuch für Wissenschaft und Studium, Nomos, Baden-Baden 2020.

Code 0-1: Literatur zu Technikanthropologie

As an example, I will use ship navigation in the following.

Marianne George (2012) Polynesian Navigation and Te Lapa -- "The Flashing", Time and Mind: The Journal of Archaeology, Consciousness and Culture, 5:2, 135-173, aufgerufen: 22.09.2025, url: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/261594890_Polynesian_Navigation_and_Te_Lapa-_The_Flashing

Example: Boatbuilding in Taumako, documentary film by Michael Tauchert.

mitropico.com/filter/Reihe-Magische-Welten-ZDF/Polynesien-Nomaden-der-Sudsee

Visual documentation

vaka.org -- Taumako Projekt

Navigation with Te Puke Booten -- Dr. Mimi George

https://www.vaka.org/blog/categories/navigation

ÜBUNG

Discuss the difference between Western technology, with which you are familiar, and the Polynesian art of boat building and navigation.
The Polynesian islands were colonized by various European countries until the 1950s.
Consider the advantages and disadvantages of the different types of technology, as represented on the one hand by Polynesian navigation and boatbuilding and on the other by their Western counterparts today.
Living with technology: Consider the two types of technology in terms of everyday life. Categories such as happiness and satisfaction are rarely discussed in a technological context, but ultimately, the technologization of the world should have this as its goal. So what is the situation here?

Wave interference pattern caused by an island. Kenneth Lohmann und Graeme C Hays: Goal Navigation and Island-Finding in Sea Turtles, Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 356(1-2):83-95 DOI:10.1016/j.jembe.2007.12.017, url: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/222699397_Goal_Navigation_and_Island-Finding_in_Sea_Turtles

Clock "H5" by John Harrison, ca. 1770: https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Harrison_(Uhrmacher)

3. Introduction to the topic of fault tolerance

81_FTSD/01_Fehlertoleranz

4. Introduction to the terms "fault," "error," and "failure"

Exercise

Describe the concepts of "fault", "error" and "failure".

5. Introduction to the term "mitigation"

6. Examples of "mitigation" in modern technology

Exercise

Group exercise: Find examples of where modern technology automatically mitigates the effects of errors that occur.

7. Division into groups of two

8. Scheduling appointments for presentations on fault tolerance patterns

9. Practical application: Smart Watch

Bild 0-1: T-Watch 2020 V3 from Lilygo.

We will be working with a T-Watch 2020 V3.
This will be done within the Arduino development environment.

These are peripherals that can be controlled by programming on the watch:

Display
Touch
IMU (Inertia Measurement Unit)
RTC (Real Time Clock)
WiFi
Bluetooth
Button
Vibration
Mikrophone
Loudspeaker

Programming examples: https://youtu.be/xQJAm8CVC_4

T-WATCH send Acceleration to Laptop via WiFi: https://youtu.be/rJJumsD5vB8

So you have a whole list of components that only make sense as a whole when they are linked together in some way by software.
That is exactly what we will be dealing with: linking the internal peripherals of an embedded system together using software to form a useful whole.

"Any sufficiently advanced technology is indistinguishable from magic "

Arthur C. Clarke

...in diesem Sinne:

How could a smartwatch help support your life on this campus?
Which of the internal peripherals listed above would be used in the application you have proposed?
Which externally available infrastructure would be used by your newly created system?
What disruptions could occur during the interaction of the smartwatch with its environment and the surrounding infrastructure?
What measures could be taken to minimize the impact of the identified potential disruptions?

Corresponding links, see:

Purchase from Lilygo: https://lilygo.cc/products/t-watch-2020-v3

TTGO_TWatch_Library V1.4.3: https://github.com/Xinyuan-LilyGO/TTGO_TWatch_Library

necessary: esp32 Board Library 2.09 (exactly this one!)